Annotation guidelines (version 2.0; UNDER CONSTRUCTION)
Used by the PARSEME corpora annotated for multiword expressions

Categories of nominal MWEs

We distinguish two classes of nominal MWEs (NMWEs):

  • Nominal idiom (NID)- a universal category, caracterized by lexical, morphological or syntactic irregularity:
    • (OEG) 𓇓𓏏 𓆤𓏏 nsw - bꞽtꞽ The king of Upper Egypt (𓇓𓏏) and Lower Egypt (𓆤𓏏). The king of Egypt (PT 776a, P) → For the meaning of nsw-bꞽtꞽ see Schenkel, Das Wort für 'König' (von Oberägypten), 1986.
    • φακός επαφήςfakos epafis lense contact.GEN.SG contact lense
    • a big fish an important person
      a hot dog a sandwich with a hot sausage
    • baltais zvirbulis the white sparrow a person who stands out from the crowd
    • blinde vink small roll of minced meat, wrapped in a slice of veal or beef
      hotdog a sandwich with a hot sausage
      zwarte markt black market
    • biały kruk a whit raven a rare thing
    • kokë e madhe big head an important person
    • осиње гнездоosinje gnezdo wasps' nest dangerous place
  • Pronominal idiom (PronID) - a universal category constituting a closed lists of cases:
    • (OEG) 𓅱𓌡𓏤 𓊪𓈖 𓇋𓅓 𓎡 wꜥ pn ꞽm(.ꞽ) ⸗k this (pn) one (wꜥ) who-is-in (ꞽm(.ꞽ)) you (⸗k). This one who is in you. (PT 254a)
    • I saw just a few
      I expect no one to come
      we love each other
    • je ne suis pas capable de manger quoi que ça soit I am not able to eat what that this be I cannot eat anything
    • viens otrsone othersome people
      tas patsthet selfthe same
      kaut kassomething
      dažs labsfew goodsomebody; some people
    • powtarzał ciągle to samo he repeated always this the same he repeated always the same
    • Ne duam njëri-tjetrin. We love each other. We love each other.
    • сам по себиsam po sebi by itself
  • Deverbal nominal MWE (NV) with subcategories corresponding to the categories of VMWEs from which the nominal MWE can be derived:
    • universal subcategories:
      • Deverbal nominal stemming from an LVC.full (NV.LVC.full)
        • a decision maker - deriving from the LVC.full to make a decision
        • lēmuma pieņēmējs a decision maker - derives from the LVC.full pieņemt lēmumu to take a decision to make a decision
        • sianie zgorszenia sowing scandal provoking scandal - derives from the LVC.full siać zgorszenie sow scandal provoke scandal
        • marrës vendimesh "a decision maker" → from "marr një vendim" ("to make a decision").
        • пружање подршкеpružanje podrške providing support - derives from the LVC.full pružati podršku
      • Deverbal nominal stemming from an LVC.cause (NV.LVC.cause)
        • a doubt-raiser - deriving from the LVC.cause to raise doubts
        • nelaimes nešana bringing of misfortune - derives from the LVC.cause nest nelaimi to bring misfortune
        • dostarczanie wrażeń delivering of impressions giving impressions - derives from the LVC.cause dostarczać wrażeń deliver impressions give impressions
        • ngjallës dyshimesh raiser of doubts a doubt-raiser derives from the LVC.cause ngjall dyshime (to raise doubts)
      • Deverbal nominal stemming from a VID (NV.VID)
        • Wortbruch word-break a promise which has not been hold - derives from the VID ein Wort brechen word break not to hold a promise
        • (OEG) 𓅓𓎕 𓄣 𓈖 𓇓𓏏𓈖 mḥ ꞽb n(.ꞽ) nsw the-one-who-fills (mḥ) the heart (ꞽb) of (n(.ꞽ)) the king (nsw) The king's confidant (Urk. I 190, 11) = > mḥ nb (⸗ꞽ) ꞽb ⸗f ꞽm (⸗ꞽ) '(My) (⸗ꞽ) lord (nb) filled (mḥ) his (⸗f) heart (ꞽb) with (ꞽm) (me) (⸗ꞽ)' 'My lord trusted me' → It is an NV.VID.full.
        • a heart breaker - deriving from the VID to break one's heart
        • la prise en compte the fact of taking into account - derives from the VID prendre en comptetake into account
          une mise à disposition the fact of making available - derives from the VID mettre à dispositionmake available
        • kāju atstiepšana stretching of one's legs dying - derives from the VID atstiept kājas to stretch one's legs to die
        • zabawa czyimś kosztem a play at someone else's expenses - derives from the VID bawić się czyimś kosztem to enjoy oneself at someone else's expenses
        • thyerës zemrash breaker of hearts heartbreaker derives from the VID thyej zemrën (break the heart)
        • долазак на светdolazak na svet coming to the world birth - derives from the VID dolaziti na svet
    • quasi-universal subcategories:
      • Deverbal nominal stemming from an IRV (NV.IRV)
        • cackanie sięz przestępcami dealing too mildly with bandits - derives from the IRV cackać się dealing too mildly with someone
      • Deverbal nominal stemming from an IVPC.full (NV.IVPC.full)
        • a take-off - deriving from the IVPC.full to take off
      • Deverbal nominal stemming from an IVPC.semi (NV.IVPC.semi)
      • Deverbal nominal stemming from an MVC (NV.MVC)
    • optional experimental subcategory:
      • Deverbal nominal stemming from an IAV (NV.IAV)

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